Released PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer Updated Questions PDF
ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer Dumps and Practice Test (82 Exam Questions)
PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer exam is designed for professionals who want to become certified as an ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer. ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer exam is offered by the Professional Evaluation and Certification Board (PECB), which is a globally recognized certification body that provides training, examination, and certification services in a variety of fields, including information security.
NEW QUESTION # 44
Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management
[^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.
First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria and decided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
The decision to treat only risks that were classified as high indicates that Trade B has:
- A. Modified other risk categories based on risk evaluation criteria
- B. Accepted other risk categories based on risk acceptance criteria
- C. Evaluated other risk categories based on risk treatment criteria
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022, risk acceptance criteria are the criteria used to decide whether a risk can be accepted or not1. Risk acceptance criteria are often based on a maximum level of acceptable risks, on cost-benefits considerations, or on consequences for the organization2. In the scenario, TradeB decided to treat only the high risk category, which implies that
NEW QUESTION # 45
Which approach should organizations use to implement an ISMS based on ISO/IEC 27001?
- A. Any approach that enables the ISMS implementation within the 12month period
- B. Only the approach provided by the standard
- C. An approach that is suitable for organization's scope
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 does not prescribe a specific approach for implementing an ISMS, but rather provides a set of requirements and guidelines that can be adapted to the organization's context, scope, and objectives.
Therefore, organizations can use any approach that is suitable for their scope, as long as it meets the requirements of the standard and enables the achievement of the intended outcomes of the ISMS. The approach should also consider the needs and expectations of the interested parties, the risks and opportunities related to information security, and the legal and regulatory obligations of the organization.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 4.1; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 4, slide 9.
NEW QUESTION # 46
What is the difference between training and awareness9 Refer to scenario 6.
- A. Training helps acquire certain skills, whereas awareness develops certain habits and behaviors.
- B. Training helps acquire a skill, whereas awareness helps apply it in practice
- C. Training helps transfer a message with the intent of informing, whereas awareness helps change the behavior toward the message
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 47
Which of the following is NOT part of the steps required by ISO/IEC 27001 that an organization must take when a nonconformity is detected?
- A. Communicate the details of the nonconformity to every employee of the organization and suspend the employee that caused the nonconformity
- B. React to the nonconformity, take action to control and correct it. and deal with its consequences
- C. Evaluate the need for action to eliminate the causes of the nonconformity so that it does not recur or occur elsewhere
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer course, the steps required by ISO/IEC 27001 that an organization must take when a nonconformity is detected are as follows1:
* React to the nonconformity, take action to control and correct it, and deal with its consequences
* Evaluate the need for action to eliminate the causes of the nonconformity so that it does not recur or occur elsewhere
* Implement any action needed
* Review the effectiveness of the corrective action
* Make changes to the information security management system (ISMS) if necessary Therefore, communicating the details of the nonconformity to every employee of the organization and suspending the employee that caused the nonconformity is not part of the steps required by ISO/IEC
27001. This option is not only unnecessary, but also potentially harmful, as it could violate the principles of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information, as well as the human rights and dignity of the employee involved2. Instead, the organization should follow the established procedures for reporting, recording, and analyzing nonconformities, and ensure that the corrective actions are appropriate, proportional, and fair3.
References: 1: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 10: Nonconformity and Corrective Action, slide 9 2: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 10: Nonconformity and Corrective Action, slide 10 3: PECB, ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 10: Nonconformity and Corrective Action, slide 11
NEW QUESTION # 48
Scenario 5: Operaze is a small software development company that develops applications for various companies around the world. Recently, the company conducted a risk assessment to assess the information security risks that could arise from operating in a digital landscape. Using different testing methods, including penetration Resting and code review, the company identified some issues in its ICT systems, including improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. To resolve these issues and enhance information security, Operaze decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.
Considering that Operaze is a small company, the entire IT team was involved in the ISMS implementation project. Initially, the company analyzed the business requirements and the internal and external environment, identified its key processes and activities, and identified and analyzed the interested parties In addition, the top management of Operaze decided to Include most of the company's departments within the ISMS scope. The defined scope included the organizational and physical boundaries. The IT team drafted an information security policy and communicated it to all relevant interested parties In addition, other specific policies were developed to elaborate on security issues and the roles and responsibilities were assigned to all interested parties.
Following that, the HR manager claimed that the paperwork created by ISMS does not justify its value and the implementation of the ISMS should be canceled However, the top management determined that this claim was invalid and organized an awareness session to explain the benefits of the ISMS to all interested parties.
Operaze decided to migrate Its physical servers to their virtual servers on third-party infrastructure. The new cloud computing solution brought additional changes to the company Operaze's top management, on the other hand, aimed to not only implement an effective ISMS but also ensure the smooth running of the ISMS operations. In this situation, Operaze's top management concluded that the services of external experts were required to implement their information security strategies. The IT team, on the other hand, decided to initiate a change in the ISMS scope and implemented the required modifications to the processes of the company.
Based on scenario 5. after migrating to cloud. Operaze's IT team changed the ISMS scope and implemented all the required modifications Is this acceptable?
- A. Yes, because the ISMS scope should be changed when there are changes to the external environment
- B. No, because the company has already defined the ISMS scope
- C. No, because any change in ISMS scope should be accepted by the management
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 4.3, the organization shall determine the scope of the ISMS by considering the internal and external issues, the requirements of interested parties, and the interfaces and dependencies with other organizations. The scope shall be available as documented information and shall state what is included and what is excluded from the ISMS. The scope shall be reviewed and updated as necessary, and any changes shall be approved by the top management. Therefore, it is not acceptable for the IT team to change the ISMS scope and implement the required modifications without the approval of the management.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 4.3; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 4, slide 10.
NEW QUESTION # 49
An organization has justified the exclusion of control 5.18 Access rights of ISO/IEC 27001 in the Statement of Applicability (SoA) as follows: "An access control reader is already installed at the main entrance of the building." Which statement is correct'
- A. The justification is not acceptable because it does not indicate that it has been selected based on the risk assessment results
- B. The justification for the exclusion of a control is not required to be included in the SoA
- C. The justification is not acceptable, because it does not reflect the purpose of control 5.18
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.3, the Statement of Applicability (SoA) is a document that identifies the controls that are applicable to the organization's ISMS and explains why they are selected or not.
The SoA is based on the results of the risk assessment and risk treatment, which are the previous steps in the risk management process. Therefore, the justification for the exclusion of a control should be based on the risk assessment results and the risk treatment plan, and should reflect the purpose and objective of the control.
Control 5.18 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 is about access rights to information and other associated assets, which should be provisioned, reviewed, modified and removed in accordance with the organization's topic-specific policy on and rules for access control. The purpose of this control is to prevent unauthorized access to, modification of, and destruction of information assets. Therefore, the justification for the exclusion of this control should explain why the organization does not need to implement this control to protect its information assets from unauthorized access.
The justification given by the organization in the question is not acceptable, because it does not reflect the purpose of control 5.18. An access control reader at the main entrance of the building is a physical security measure, which is related to control 5.15 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, not control 5.18. Control 5.18 is about logical access rights to information systems and services, which are not addressed by the access control reader.
Therefore, the organization should either provide a valid justification for the exclusion of control 5.18, or include it in the SoA and implement it according to the risk assessment and risk treatment results.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.3, control 5.18; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 5, slide 18, Module 6, slide 10.
NEW QUESTION # 50
Which situation described in scenario 1 represents a threat to HealthGenic?
- A. HealthGenic did not train its personnel to use the software
- B. The software company modified information related to HealthGenic's patients
- C. HealthGenic used a web-based medical software for storing patients' confidential information
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 51
Scenario 9: OpenTech provides IT and communications services. It helps data communication enterprises and network operators become multi-service providers During an internal audit, its internal auditor, Tim, has identified nonconformities related to the monitoring procedures He identified and evaluated several system Invulnerabilities.
Tim found out that user IDs for systems and services that process sensitive information have been reused and the access control policy has not been followed After analyzing the root causes of this nonconformity, the ISMS project manager developed a list of possible actions to resolve the nonconformity. Then, the ISMS project manager analyzed the list and selected the activities that would allow the elimination of the root cause and the prevention of a similar situation in the future. These activities were included in an action plan The action plan, approved by the top management, was written as follows:
A new version of the access control policy will be established and new restrictions will be created to ensure that network access is effectively managed and monitored by the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Department The approved action plan was implemented and all actions described in the plan were documented.
Based on scenario 9. did the ISMS project manager complete the corrective action process appropriately?
- A. No, the corrective action process should also include the review of the implementation of the selected actions
- B. No, the corrective action did not address the root cause of the nonconformity
- C. Yes, the corrective action process should include the identification of the nonconformity, situation analysis, and implementation of corrective actions
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, the corrective action process consists of the following steps12:
Reacting to the nonconformity and, as applicable, taking action to control and correct it and deal with the consequences Evaluating the need for action to eliminate the root cause(s) of the nonconformity, in order that it does not recur or occur elsewhere Implementing the action needed Reviewing the effectiveness of the corrective action taken Making changes to the information security management system, if necessary In scenario 9, the ISMS project manager did not complete the last step of reviewing the effectiveness of the corrective action taken. This step is important to verify that the corrective action has achieved the intended results and that no adverse effects have been introduced. The review can be done by using various methods, such as audits, tests, inspections, or performance indicators3. Therefore, the ISMS project manager did not complete the corrective action process appropriately.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 10.2 2: Procedure for Corrective Action [ISO 27001 templates] 3: ISO 27001 Clause 10.2 Nonconformity and corrective action
NEW QUESTION # 52
Which of the following statements regarding information security risk is NOT correct?
- A. Information security risk cannot be accepted without being treated or during the process of risk treatment
- B. Information security risk is associated with the potential that the vulnerabilities of an information asset may be exploited by threats
- C. Information security risk can be expressed as the effect of uncertainty on information security objectives
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, information security risk can be accepted as one of the four possible options for risk treatment, along with avoiding, modifying, or sharing the risk12. Risk acceptance means that the organization decides to tolerate the level of risk without taking any further action to reduce it3. Risk acceptance can be done before, during, or after the risk treatment process, depending on the organization's risk criteria and the residual risk level4.
References: 1: ISO 27001 Risk Assessments | IT Governance UK 2: ISO 27001 Risk Assessment: 7 Step Guide - IT Governance UK Blog 3: ISO 27001 Clause 6.1.2 Information security risk assessment process 4:
ISO 27001 Risk Assessment & Risk Treatment: The Complete Guide - Advisera
NEW QUESTION # 53
Based on scenario 8. did the nonconformity report include all the necessary aspects?
- A. No, the report must also specify the audit criteria
- B. No, the report must also specify the root cause of the nonconformity
- C. Yes, the report included all the necessary aspects
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 54
Scenario 5: Operaze is a small software development company that develops applications for various companies around the world. Recently, the company conducted a risk assessment to assess the information security risks that could arise from operating in a digital landscape. Using different testing methods, including penetration Resting and code review, the company identified some issues in its ICT systems, including improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. To resolve these issues and enhance information security, Operaze decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.
Considering that Operaze is a small company, the entire IT team was involved in the ISMS implementation project. Initially, the company analyzed the business requirements and the internal and external environment, identified its key processes and activities, and identified and analyzed the interested parties In addition, the top management of Operaze decided to Include most of the company's departments within the ISMS scope. The defined scope included the organizational and physical boundaries. The IT team drafted an information security policy and communicated it to all relevant interested parties In addition, other specific policies were developed to elaborate on security issues and the roles and responsibilities were assigned to all interested parties.
Following that, the HR manager claimed that the paperwork created by ISMS does not justify its value and the implementation of the ISMS should be canceled However, the top management determined that this claim was invalid and organized an awareness session to explain the benefits of the ISMS to all interested parties.
Operaze decided to migrate Its physical servers to their virtual servers on third-party infrastructure. The new cloud computing solution brought additional changes to the company Operaze's top management, on the other hand, aimed to not only implement an effective ISMS but also ensure the smooth running of the ISMS operations. In this situation, Operaze's top management concluded that the services of external experts were required to implement their information security strategies. The IT team, on the other hand, decided to initiate a change in the ISMS scope and implemented the required modifications to the processes of the company.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
What led Operaze to implement the ISMS?
- A. Identification of threats
- B. Identification of assets
- C. Identification of vulnerabilities
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 55
Scenario 5: Operaze is a small software development company that develops applications for various companies around the world. Recently, the company conducted a risk assessment to assess the information security risks that could arise from operating in a digital landscape. Using different testing methods, including penetration Resting and code review, the company identified some issues in its ICT systems, including improper user permissions, misconfigured security settings, and insecure network configurations. To resolve these issues and enhance information security, Operaze decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001.
Considering that Operaze is a small company, the entire IT team was involved in the ISMS implementation project. Initially, the company analyzed the business requirements and the internal and external environment, identified its key processes and activities, and identified and analyzed the interested parties In addition, the top management of Operaze decided to Include most of the company's departments within the ISMS scope. The defined scope included the organizational and physical boundaries. The IT team drafted an information security policy and communicated it to all relevant interested parties In addition, other specific policies were developed to elaborate on security issues and the roles and responsibilities were assigned to all interested parties.
Following that, the HR manager claimed that the paperwork created by ISMS does not justify its value and the implementation of the ISMS should be canceled However, the top management determined that this claim was invalid and organized an awareness session to explain the benefits of the ISMS to all interested parties.
Operaze decided to migrate Its physical servers to their virtual servers on third-party infrastructure. The new cloud computing solution brought additional changes to the company Operaze's top management, on the other hand, aimed to not only implement an effective ISMS but also ensure the smooth running of the ISMS operations. In this situation, Operaze's top management concluded that the services of external experts were required to implement their information security strategies. The IT team, on the other hand, decided to initiate a change in the ISMS scope and implemented the required modifications to the processes of the company.
Based on scenario 5. after migrating to cloud. Operaze's IT team changed the ISMS scope and implemented all the required modifications Is this acceptable?
- A. Yes, because the ISMS scope should be changed when there are changes to the external environment
- B. No, because the company has already defined the ISMS scope
- C. No, because any change in ISMS scope should be accepted by the management
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 4.3, the organization shall determine the scope of the ISMS by considering the internal and external issues, the requirements of interested parties, and the interfaces and dependencies with other organizations. The scope shall be available as documented information and shall state what is included and what is excluded from the ISMS. The scope shall be reviewed and updated as necessary, and any changes shall be approved by the top management. Therefore, it is not acceptable for the IT team to change the ISMS scope and implement the required modifications without the approval of the management.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 4.3; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 4, slide 10.
NEW QUESTION # 56
According to scenario 2. Beauty has reviewed all user access rights. What type of control is this?
- A. Detective and administrative
- B. Legal and technical
- C. Corrective and managerial
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 57
Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management
[^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.
First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria and decided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted Based on scenario 4, what type of assets were identified during risk assessment?
- A. Business assets
- B. Supporting assets
- C. Primary assets
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27005:2021, there are three types of assets in information security risk management:
primary assets, supporting assets, and business assets. Primary assets are the information and business processes that support the organization's objectives and operations. Supporting assets are the resources that enable the primary assets to function, such as hardware, software, networks, people, facilities, etc. Business assets are the outcomes or benefits that the organization expects from the primary assets, such as reputation, market share, customer satisfaction, etc. (Must be taken from ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer resources) In scenario 4, the assets that were identified during risk assessment are hardware, software, and networks, which are examples of supporting assets. These assets are necessary for the information and business processes of TradeB to operate, but they are not the main focus of the risk assessment. The risk assessment should also consider the primary assets and the business assets, as well as the threats and vulnerabilities that affect them, and the potential impacts and likelihood of information security incidents.
References: ISO/IEC 27001 : 2022 Lead Implementer Study guide and documents, specifically:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.2 Information security risk assessment
* ISO/IEC 27005:2021, clause 5.2 Asset identification and valuation
* PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 6: Risk Management
NEW QUESTION # 58
What should be used to protect data on removable media ifdata confidentiality or integrity are important considerations?
- A. cryptographic techniques
- B. backup on another removable medium
- C. a password
- D. logging
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 59
Scenario 2: Beauty is a cosmetics company that has recently switched to an e-commerce model, leaving the traditional retail. The top management has decided to build their own custom platform in-house and outsource the payment process to an external provider operating online payments systems that support online money transfers.
Due to this transformation of the business model, a number of security controls were implemented based on the identified threats and vulnerabilities associated to critical assets. To protect customers' information.
Beauty's employees had to sign a confidentiality agreement. In addition, the company reviewed all user access rights so that only authorized personnel can have access to sensitive files and drafted a new segregation of duties chart.
However, the transition was difficult for the IT team, who had to deal with a security incident not long after transitioning to the e commerce model. After investigating the incident, the team concluded that due to the out-of-date anti-malware software, an attacker gamed access to their files and exposed customers' information, including their names and home addresses.
The IT team decided to stop using the old anti-malware software and install a new one which would automatically remove malicious code in case of similar incidents. The new software was installed in every workstation within the company. After installing the new software, the team updated it with the latest malware definitions and enabled the automatic update feature to keep it up to date at all times. Additionally, they established an authentication process that requires a user identification and password when accessing sensitive information.
In addition, Beauty conducted a number of information security awareness sessions for the IT team and other employees that have access to confidential information in order to raise awareness on the importance of system and network security.
According to scenario 2. Beauty has reviewed all user access rights. What type of control is this?
- A. Corrective and managerial
- B. Detective and administrative
- C. Legal and technical
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Preventive controls: These are controls that aim to prevent or deter the occurrence of a security incident or reduce its likelihood. Examples of preventive controls are encryption, firewalls, locks, policies, etc.
* Detective controls: These are controls that aim to detect or discover the occurrence of a security incident or its symptoms. Examples of detective controls are logs, alarms, audits, etc.
* Corrective controls: These are controls that aim to correct or restore the normal state of an asset or a process after a security incident or mitigate its impact. Examples of corrective controls are backups, recovery plans, incident response teams, etc.
* Administrative controls: These are controls that involve the management and governance of information security, such as policies, procedures, roles, responsibilities, awareness, training, etc.
* Technical controls: These are controls that involve the use of technology or software to implement information security, such as encryption, firewalls, anti-malware, authentication, etc.
* Physical controls: These are controls that involve the protection of physical assets or locations from
* unauthorized access, damage, or theft, such as locks, fences, cameras, guards, etc.
* Legal controls: These are controls that involve the compliance with laws, regulations, contracts, or agreements related to information security, such as privacy laws, data protection laws, confidentiality agreements, etc.
References:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements
NEW QUESTION # 60
Scenario 6: Skyver offers worldwide shipping of electronic products, including gaming consoles, flat-screen TVs. computers, and printers. In order to ensure information security, the company has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001.
Colin, the company's best information security expert, decided to hold a training and awareness session for the personnel of the company regarding the information security challenges and other information security-related controls. The session included topics such as Skyver's information security approaches and techniques for mitigating phishing and malware.
One of the participants in the session is Lisa, who works in the HR Department. Although Colin explains the existing Skyver's information security policies and procedures in an honest and fair manner, she finds some of the issues being discussed too technical and does not fully understand the session. Therefore, in a lot of cases, she requests additional help from the trainer and her colleagues Based on scenario 6. when should Colin deliver the next training and awareness session?
- A. After he conducts a competence needs analysis and records the competence related issues
- B. After he determines the employees' availability and motivation
- C. After he ensures that the group of employees targeted have satisfied the organization's needs
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.2.3, the organization shall conduct a competence needs analysis to determine the necessary competence of persons doing work under its control that affects the performance and effectiveness of the ISMS. The organization shall also evaluate the effectiveness of the actions taken to acquire the necessary competence and retain appropriate documented information as evidence of competence.
Therefore, Colin should deliver the next training and awareness session after he conducts a competence needs analysis and records the competence related issues, such as the level of understanding, the gaps in knowledge, and the feedback from the participants.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.2.3; PECB ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Course, Module 7, slide 8.
NEW QUESTION # 61
You are a consultant and areregularly hired by the Ministry of Defense to perform analysis. Since the assignments are irregular, you outsource the administration of your business to temporary workers. You don't want the temporary workers to have access to your reports.
Which reliability aspect of the information in your reports must you protect?
- A. Confidentiality
- B. Integrity
- C. Availability
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 62
The IT Department of a financial institution decided to implement preventive controls to avoid potential security breaches. Therefore, they separated the development, testing, and operating equipment, secured their offices, and used cryptographic keys. However, they are seeking further measures to enhance their security and ^minimize the risk of security breaches. Which of the following controls would help the IT Department achieve this objective?
- A. An access control software to restrict access to sensitive files
- B. Change all passwords of all systems
- C. Alarms to detect risks related to heat, smoke, fire, or water
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 63
Scenario 2: Beauty is a cosmetics company that has recently switched to an e-commerce model, leaving the traditional retail. The top management has decided to build their own custom platform in-house and outsource the payment process to an external provider operating online payments systems that support online money transfers.
Due to this transformation of the business model, a number of security controls were implemented based on the identified threats and vulnerabilities associated to critical assets. To protect customers' information.
Beauty's employees had to sign a confidentiality agreement. In addition, the company reviewed all user access rights so that only authorized personnel can have access to sensitive files and drafted a new segregation of duties chart.
However, the transition was difficult for the IT team, who had to deal with a security incident not long after transitioning to the e commerce model. After investigating the incident, the team concluded that due to the out-of-date anti-malware software, an attacker gamed access to their files and exposed customers' information, including their names and home addresses.
The IT team decided to stop using the old anti-malware software and install a new one which would automatically remove malicious code in case of similar incidents. The new software was installed in every workstation within the company. After installing the new software, the team updated it with the latest malware definitions and enabled the automatic update feature to keep it up to date at all times. Additionally, they established an authentication process that requires a user identification and password when accessing sensitive information.
In addition, Beauty conducted a number of information security awareness sessions for the IT team and other employees that have access to confidential information in order to raise awareness on the importance of system and network security.
According to scenario 2. Beauty has reviewed all user access rights. What type of control is this?
- A. Detective and administrative
- B. Legal and technical
- C. Corrective and managerial
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, controls can be classified into different types based on their nature and purpose1. Some of the common types of controls are:
Preventive controls: These are controls that aim to prevent or deter the occurrence of a security incident or reduce its likelihood. Examples of preventive controls are encryption, firewalls, locks, policies, etc.
Detective controls: These are controls that aim to detect or discover the occurrence of a security incident or its symptoms. Examples of detective controls are logs, alarms, audits, etc.
Corrective controls: These are controls that aim to correct or restore the normal state of an asset or a process after a security incident or mitigate its impact. Examples of corrective controls are backups, recovery plans, incident response teams, etc.
Administrative controls: These are controls that involve the management and governance of information security, such as policies, procedures, roles, responsibilities, awareness, training, etc.
Technical controls: These are controls that involve the use of technology or software to implement information security, such as encryption, firewalls, anti-malware, authentication, etc.
Physical controls: These are controls that involve the protection of physical assets or locations from unauthorized access, damage, or theft, such as locks, fences, cameras, guards, etc.
Legal controls: These are controls that involve the compliance with laws, regulations, contracts, or agreements related to information security, such as privacy laws, data protection laws, confidentiality agreements, etc.
In this scenario, reviewing all user access rights is a type of detective and administrative control. It is a detective control because it helps to identify any unauthorized or inappropriate access to sensitive information or systems. It is also an administrative control because it involves the definition and enforcement of policies and procedures for granting, revoking, and monitoring user access rights.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection - Information security management systems - Requirements
NEW QUESTION # 64
According to scenario 7, a demilitarized zone (DMZ) is deployed within InfoSec's network. What type of control has InfoSec implemented in this case?
- A. Corrective
- B. Preventive
- C. Detective
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 65
Scenario 8: SunDee is an American biopharmaceutical company, headquartered in California, the US. It specializes in developing novel human therapeutics, with a focus on cardiovascular diseases, oncology, bone health, and inflammation. The company has had an information security management system (ISMS) based on SO/IEC 27001 in place for the past two years. However, it has not monitored or measured the performance and effectiveness of its ISMS and conducted management reviews regularly Just before the recertification audit, the company decided to conduct an internal audit. It also asked most of their staff to compile the written individual reports of the past two years for their departments. This left the Production Department with less than the optimum workforce, which decreased the company's stock.
Tessa was SunDee's internal auditor. With multiple reports written by 50 different employees, the internal audit process took much longer than planned, was very inconsistent, and had no qualitative measures whatsoever Tessa concluded that SunDee must evaluate the performance of the ISMS adequately. She defined SunDee's negligence of ISMS performance evaluation as a major nonconformity, so she wrote a nonconformity report including the description of the nonconformity, the audit findings, and recommendations. Additionally, Tessa created a new plan which would enable SunDee to resolve these issues and presented it to the top management Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
What caused SunDee's workforce disruption?
- A. The inconsistency of reports written by different employees
- B. The voluminous written reports
- C. The negligence of performance evaluation and monitoring and measurement procedures
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2013, clause 9.1, an organization must monitor, measure, analyze and evaluate its information security performance and effectiveness. This includes determining what needs to be monitored and measured, the methods for doing so, when and by whom the monitoring and measurement shall be performed, when the results shall be analyzed and evaluated, and who shall be responsible for ensuring that the actions arising from the analysis and evaluation are taken 1.
SunDee failed to comply with this requirement and did not monitor or measure the performance and effectiveness of its ISMS for the past two years. As a result, the company did not have any objective evidence or indicators to demonstrate the achievement of its information security objectives, the effectiveness of its controls, the satisfaction of its interested parties, or the identification and treatment of its risks. This also meant that the company did not conduct regular management reviews of its ISMS, as required by clause 9.3, which would provide an opportunity for the top management to ensure the continuing suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the ISMS, and to decide on any changes or improvements needed 1.
Just before the recertification audit, the company decided to conduct an internal audit, as required by clause
9.2, which is a systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining audit evidence and evaluating it objectively to determine the extent to which the audit criteria are fulfilled 1. However, the company did not have a well-defined audit program, scope, criteria, or methodology, and relied on the written reports of its staff for the past two years. This caused a disruption in the workforce, as most of the staff had to compile their reports for their departments, leaving the Production Department with less than the optimum workforce, which decreased the company's stock. Moreover, the internal audit process was very inconsistent, as the reports were written by different employees with different styles, formats, and levels of detail. The internal audit process also lacked any qualitative measures, such as performance indicators, metrics, or benchmarks, to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the ISMS.
Therefore, the cause of SunDee's workforce disruption was the negligence of performance evaluation and monitoring and measurement procedures, which led to a lack of objective evidence, a poorly planned and executed internal audit, and a decrease in the company's productivity and stock value.
References: 1: ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements
NEW QUESTION # 66
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Individuals who pass the PECB ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Implementer Exam are recognized as certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementers. PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Exam certification demonstrates that the individual has the necessary knowledge and skills to lead an organization in implementing an ISMS based on the ISO/IEC 27001 standard. PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Implementer Exam certification is highly valued by organizations that prioritize information security and is a key differentiator for individuals seeking employment in the field.
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